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NEW QUESTION # 243
You have enabled the Transit secrets engine and want to start encrypting data to store in Azure Blob storage.
What is the next step that needs to be completed before you can encrypt data? (Select two)
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
The Transit secrets engine in Vault is designed for encryption as a service, allowing applications to encrypt data without managing keys locally. After enabling the engine, two critical steps are required before encryption can begin: creating an encryption key and defining a policy to allow its use.
Option C: You must create an encryption key using a command like vault write -f transit/keys/<key_name>.
This key is stored in Vault and used for encryption/decryption operations. Without it, no encryption can occur, as the Transit engine relies on named keys to perform cryptographic operations.
Option D: A policy must be written to grant the application permissions to use the key, such as path "transit
/encrypt/<key_name>" { capabilities = ["update"] } and path "transit/decrypt/<key_name>" { capabilities =
["update"] }. Vault's access control ensures that only authorized entities can perform encryption, making this step essential.
Option A (exporting the key) contradicts Vault's security model, as keys should remain in Vault, not be exported to application servers. Option B (enabling the Transit API) is unnecessary, as enabling the engine automatically exposes its API endpoints. The official Transit documentation confirms that key creation and policy configuration are the next steps post-enablement.
References:
Transit Secrets Engine Tutorial
Transit Secrets Engine Docs
NEW QUESTION # 244
Your supervisor has requested that you log into Vault and update a policy for one of the development teams.
You successfully authenticated to Vault via OIDC but do not see a way to manage the Vault policies. Why are you unable to manage policies in the Vault UI?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
In the Vault UI, the "Policies" tab is visible only if your token's policy grants access to policy management endpoints (e.g., sys/policy in Vault OSS or sys/policies/acl in Enterprise). If the tab is missing after OIDC authentication, it's because your policy lacks permissions like read and list on these paths, preventing UI navigation to policy management. For example, a minimal policy to view policies in OSS is path "sys/policy
/*" { capabilities = ["read", "list"] }. Without this, the UI hides the tab, aligning with Vault's least-privilege model.
Option A is false; policies exist in both OSS and Enterprise, with UI support in both. Option B is incorrect; a sealed Vault prevents login entirely, not just policy access. Option C is wrong; the UI does support policy management when permitted. Vault's policy docs confirm that UI visibility depends on policy permissions.
References:
Policy Management OSS
Policy Management Enterprise
NEW QUESTION # 245
According to the screenshot below, what auth method did this client use to log in to Vault?
(Screenshot shows a lease path: auth/userpass/login/student01)
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
The screenshot provides a lease path: auth/userpass/login/student01, which reveals the authentication method used to generate the token tied to this lease. Vault's auth methods create tokens at specific paths, and the path structure indicates the method.
* Option A: UserpassThe path auth/userpass/login/student01 explicitly includes userpass, matching the userpass auth method. This method authenticates users with a username (e.g., student01) and password, typically via vault login -method=userpass username=student01. The /login endpoint confirms a login operation, and the lease ties to the resulting token. This is the clear, correct answer based on the path.
Correct.Vault Docs Insight:"The userpass auth method allows users to authenticate with a username and password... mounted at auth/userpass by default." (Matches the path.)
* Option B: Auth"Auth" isn't an auth method-it's the namespace prefix (auth/) for all auth methods in Vault (e.g., auth/token, auth/userpass). The screenshot specifies userpass within auth/, not a generic
"auth" method. This option is a misnomer and incorrect.Vault Docs Insight:"All auth methods are mounted under auth/... 'auth' itself is not a method." (Clarifies structure.)
* Option C: Root tokenA root token is a privileged token type, not an auth method. It's created during Vault initialization or via auth/token/create with root privileges, not through a login path like auth
/userpass/login. The screenshot's path indicates a userpass login, not a root token usage. Incorrect.
Vault Docs Insight:"Root tokens are created at initialization... not tied to a specific auth method login path." (Distinct from userpass.)
* Option D: Child tokenA child token is a token created by a parent token (e.g., via vault token create), not an auth method. The path auth/userpass/login/student01 shows a login event, not a token creation event (which would be auth/token/create). This option confuses token hierarchy with authentication.
Incorrect.Vault Docs Insight:"Child tokens are created by parent tokens... not directly via login endpoints." (Different mechanism.) Detailed Mechanics:
When a user logs in with vault login -method=userpass -path=userpass username=student01, Vault hits the endpoint POST /v1/auth/userpass/login/student01 with a password payload. Success generates a token, and a lease is created at auth/userpass/login/student01 with a TTL. The screenshot's lease path directly reflects this process, pinpointing userpass as the method.
Real-World Example:
Enable userpass: vault auth enable userpass. Add user: vault write auth/userpass/users/student01 password=secret. Login: vault login -method=userpass username=student01. The token's lease appears as auth
/userpass/login/student01.
Overall Explanation from Vault Docs:
"The lease shown lives at auth/userpass/login/<username> and indicates the userpass auth method was used to obtain a token... The userpass method authenticates via username/password at its mount path." The path structure is a definitive indicator.
Reference:https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/auth/userpass
NEW QUESTION # 246
Your co-worker has asked you to perform certain operations in Vault and has provided you with a token accessor (not the token itself). What Vault operations would you be allowed to perform using only the provided accessor? (Select three)
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
A token accessor is a reference to a token, not the token itself, and supports limited operations:
* A: vault token renew -accessor <accessor> extends the token's TTL if renewable, per the token docs.
* B: vault token revoke -accessor <accessor> revokes the token, making it invalid, a supported accessor action.
* D: vault token lookup -accessor <accessor> displays token properties (e.g., TTL, policies), a key accessor use case.
* C: Creating child tokens requires the parent token, not just its accessor, as it involves authentication and policy inheritance, which accessors can't perform.
Accessors can't authenticate to Vault for secret access; they're for management tasks like these, per the tokens documentation.
References:
Token Accessors
Token Commands
NEW QUESTION # 247
True or False? After rotating a transit encryption key, all data encrypted with the previous version must be rewrapped or re-encrypted with the new key.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
False. When a transit encryption key is rotated in Vault (e.g., via vault write -f transit/keys/<key_name>
/rotate), the new key version becomes the default for future encryptions, but data encrypted with previous versions remains decryptable without rewrapping or re-encryption. Vault maintains a keyring with all versions, and the ciphertext prefix (e.g., vault:v1:) indicates which version was used, allowing automatic decryption with the corresponding key. This seamless handling simplifies key management and avoids mandatory data re-encryption post-rotation. Only if you set a min_decryption_version to archive older keys would rewrapping be needed, but that's optional, not default behavior.
Option A is incorrect per Vault's Transit documentation, which notes that old data can still be decrypted without immediate action after rotation.
References:
Transit Secrets Engine Usage
Key Version Management
NEW QUESTION # 248
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