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NABP NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Exam is a comprehensive test that evaluates the knowledge and skills of individuals who aspire to become licensed pharmacists in the United States and Canada. NAPLEX exam is administered by the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) and is a requirement for obtaining a pharmacy license in most states and provinces. The NAPLEX exam is considered one of the most important steps in the licensure process for pharmacists, as it assesses the competency of candidates in various areas of pharmacy practice, including drug therapy management, patient safety, and pharmacotherapy.
The North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX) is a critical exam that pharmacists must pass to become licensed practitioners in the United States and Canada. The test is developed and administered by the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP), which is the organization responsible for overseeing the licensure and regulation of pharmacists in North America. The NAPLEX Exam assesses the knowledge and skills necessary for safe and effective pharmacy practice, covering topics such as drug therapies, patient care, and drug dispensing.
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The NABP NAPLEX online practice test engine that comes with the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX) exam questions from TestBraindump assists you in simulating the real North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX) exams. This is excellent for familiarizing yourself with the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination and learning what to anticipate on test day. You can also use the NABP Practice Test (Links to an external site.) engine to monitor your progress and review your answers to see where you need to improve for the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX) exam.
The NAPLEX Exam is a computer-based test that consists of 250 multiple-choice questions, which must be answered within a time limit of six hours. The test is designed to assess a candidate's ability to apply their knowledge and skills to real-world situations, as well as their ability to analyze and interpret information related to medication therapy management.
NABP North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination Sample Questions (Q136-Q141):
NEW QUESTION # 136
When does the newer chronic kidney disease (CKD) guidelines recommend stopping metformin?
- A. when creatinine clearance <30 ml/min
- B. when serum creatinine is <1.8 mg/dL
- C. when creatinine clearance <50 ml/min
- D. when the estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) is <30 mL/min/1.73 m2
- E. when estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) is <50 mL/min/1.73 m2
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Metformin should be stopped when eGFR falls below 30. This is the only cutoff that is recommended for absolute discontinuing. If the eGFR falls between 30-44 while ontherapy, benefits and risks of discontinuing should be evaluated. New initiation is only recommended when eGFR >45.
NEW QUESTION # 137
Select the class of Anti-diabetic medication that works in the specified organ to prevent hyperglycemia. Select all that applies. Pancreases (A)
- A. Biguanide
- B. SGLT2 inhibitors
- C. DPP4 Inhibitors
- D. Alpha- Glucosidase Inhibitors
- E. Thiazolidinediones
- F. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists
- G. Sulfonylureas
Answer: F
Explanation:
Explanation
(A) Sulfonylureas, (C) DPP4 Inhibitors, (D) Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Sulfonylureas work in beta cells in the pancreas that are still functioning to enhance insulin secretion. Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors stop -glucosidase enzymes in the small intestine and delay digestion and absorption of starch and disaccharides which lowers the levels of glucose after meals. DPP4 blocks the degradation ofGLP-1, GIP, and a variety of other peptides, including brain natriuretic peptide. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists work in various organs of the body. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists enhance glucose homeostasis through: (i) stimulation of insulin secretion; (ii) inhibition of glucagon secretion; (iii) direct and indirect suppression of endogenous glucose production; (iv) suppression of appetite; (v) enhanced insulin sensitivity secondary to weight loss; (vi) delayed gastric emptying, resulting in decreased postprandial hyperglycaemia.Thiazolidinediones are the only true insulin-sensitising agents, exerting their effects in skeletaland cardiac muscle, liver,and adipose tissue. It ameliorates insulin resistance, decreases visceral fat.Biguanides work in liver, muscle, adipose tissue via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) reduce hepatic glucose production. SGLT2 inhibitors work in the kidneys to inhibit sodium-glucose transport proteins to reabsorb glucose into the blood from muscle cells; overall this helps to improve insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas.
NEW QUESTION # 138
CJ is a 69-year-old male with a history of diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. His fasting lipid profile is TC 530 mg/dL; LDL-C 125; HDL-C 48 mg/dL; and TG 640 mg/dL. His A1c 8.1, calculate creatinine clearance is 65mls/hr, BP 135/80 mm Hg, HR 70 beats /min.
His current medications include metformin 1000mg po bid, lisinopril 20mg daily, sitagliptin 50mg bid and atorvastatin 40mg daily.
What is the best pharmacological agent to initiate on CJ?
- A. Niacin 500mg twice daily
- B. Increase atorvastatin to 80mg
- C. Fenofibrate 162mg daily
- D. Gemfibrozil 600mg twice daily
- E. Fish oil 500mg twice daily
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
It is reasonable to add triglyceride-lowering medications such as fibrates or niacin to prevent pancreatitis in those with triglyceride levels >500 mg/dL, which applies to this patient as his TG level is 640 mg/dL.
C is wrong because gemfibrozil should not be initiated in patients on statin therapy because of an increased risk for muscle symptoms and rhabdomyolysis. Fenofibrate may be considered concomitantly with a low- or moderate- intensity statin when triglycerides are above 500 mg/dL,2, however he is on a high intensity statin therapy. For niacin, the IR dose should start at 100 mg TID2 and niacin does not lower triglyceride levels as much as fibrate do.4 Fenofibrates are dose adjusted for renal function lower than 60 mL/min to 54 mg/mL, so this dose is appropriate for this patient because of his renal function being above 60 mL/min. The best option is fenofibrate 162 mg daily, but this needs to be monitored for any symptoms of muscle pain exhibited by the patient, especially as the patient is at a higher risk due to being a diabetic. Fish oil is not a first line agent to treat hypertriglyceridemia.
NEW QUESTION # 139
Select the class of Anti-diabetic medication that works in the specified organ to prevent hyperglycemia. Select all that applies. GI tract (B)
- A. Biguanide
- B. SGLT2 inhibitors
- C. DPP4 Inhibitors
- D. Alpha- Glucosidase Inhibitors
- E. Thiazolidinediones
- F. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists
- G. Sulfonylureas
Answer: F
Explanation:
Explanation
Sulfonylureas work in beta cells in the pancreas that are still functioning to enhance insulin secretion. Alpha- Glucosidase Inhibitors stop -glucosidase enzymes in the small intestine and delay digestion and absorption of starch and disaccharides which lowers the levels of glucose after meals. DPP4 blocks the degradation ofGLP-1, GIP, and a variety of other peptides, including brain natriuretic peptide. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists work in various organs of the body. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists enhance glucose homeostasis through: (i) stimulation of insulin secretion; (ii) inhibition of glucagon secretion; (iii) direct and indirect suppression of endogenous glucose production; (iv) suppression of appetite; (v) enhanced insulin sensitivity secondary to weight loss; (vi) delayed gastric emptying, resulting in decreased postprandial hyperglycaemia.Thiazolidinediones are the only true insulin-sensitising agents, exerting their effects in skeletaland cardiac muscle, liver,and adipose tissue. It ameliorates insulin resistance, decreases visceral fat.Biguanides work in liver, muscle, adipose tissue via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) reduce hepatic glucose production. SGLT2 inhibitors work in the kidneys to inhibit sodium-glucose transport proteins to reabsorb glucose into the blood from muscle cells; overall this helps to improve insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas.
NEW QUESTION # 140
LN is 84 YOM who is in hospital for a back surgery. His height is 5 feet and 4 inches, weight 85 kg and NKDA.
His past medical history includes hypertension, diabetes mellitus, major depression, hypothyroidism and chronic back pain. Post-op day 1, LN's medication includes Dexamethasone 8mg iv q6h with taper dosing, Ondansetron 4mg iv q6h prn for N/V, Levothyroxine 0.075mg po daily, Lisinopril 10mg po daily, Citalopram
20mg po daily, Docusate sodium / Senna 1 tab po twice a day, Bisacodyl 10mg suppository daily prn for constipation, Famotidine 20mg iv q12hr, Metoclopramide 10mg iv q6h, Metformin 500mg po bid, D51/2NS with 20K at 125mls/hour and Hydromorphone PCA at 0.2mg/hour of basal rate, demand dose 0.1mg. lock-out every 6min, one hour limit 2.2mg/hour. Pertinent morning labs includes serum creatinine 1.4mg/dl, Mg 1.5mg/ dl, K 5.0mmol/L, Na 135mmol/L. The bioavailability of levothyroxine is roughly 50%.
The physician requests you for a dose recommendation to convert her home dose of 75mcg po daily to intravenous.
What would be the appropriate intravenous dose?
- A. 75mg
- B. 150mcg
- C. 75mcg
- D. 37.5mcg
- E. 37.5mg
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Since the bioavailability of levothyroxine is roughly 50% (given in the question). To convert the home dose to intravenous, it would be 50% of the oral dose. So 50% of oral 75 mcg would be 37.5 mcg intravenously.
NEW QUESTION # 141
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